The Climate-Driven Genetic Diversity Has a Higher Impact on the Population Structure of Plasmopara viticola Than the Production System or QoI Fungicide Sensitivity in Subtropical Brazil.
Identifieur interne : 000020 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000019; suivant : 000021The Climate-Driven Genetic Diversity Has a Higher Impact on the Population Structure of Plasmopara viticola Than the Production System or QoI Fungicide Sensitivity in Subtropical Brazil.
Auteurs : Ricardo F. Santos [Brésil] ; Maisa Ciampi-Guillardi [Brésil] ; Bart A. Fraaije [Royaume-Uni] ; Amanda A. De Oliveira [Brésil] ; Lilian Amorim [Brésil]Source :
- Frontiers in microbiology [ 1664-302X ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola, is the main disease affecting vineyards in subtropical Brazil. Here, we collected 94 P. viticola isolates from four organic and conventional vineyards in the two main grape-growing states of Brazil to evaluate the sensitivity to the quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) azoxystrobin by pheno- and genotyping assays. The impact of location, production system and sensitivity to QoI fungicides on the population genetics and structure of P. viticola was determined using 10 microsatellite markers. Cytochrome b sequencing revealed that 28 and 100% of the isolates from vineyards under organic and conventional management carried the G143A mutation, respectively. The G143A mutation was associated with high levels of azoxystrobin resistance. Three out of the 94 isolates analyzed carried the M125I alteration, not previously described in P. viticola, which was associated with a five-fold reduction in azoxystrobin sensitivity compared to wild-type isolates. Haplotype network analysis based on cytochrome b gene sequences suggested that the Brazilian populations are more closely related to the European than the North American population. A total of six haplotypes were identified, with two of them carrying the G143A mutation. Microsatellite analysis revealed high allelic and genotypic variation among the four populations. Population differentiation analyses indicated that state of origin directly influences the population biology of P. viticola, while production system and QoI sensitivity have little effect. Great genetic diversity, sexual reproduction and high levels of admixture were observed in Rio Grande do Sul State. In contrast, populations in São Paulo State were dominated by a few clonal genotypes, and no admixed genotype was detected between the two genetic pools identified in the state. This study raises the hypothesis that winter weather conditions influence the overwinter survival strategy with profound effects in the population biology of P. viticola.
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575045
PubMed: 33042088
PubMed Central: PMC7528563
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Climate-Driven Genetic Diversity Has a Higher Impact on the Population Structure of <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Than the Production System or QoI Fungicide Sensitivity in Subtropical Brazil.</title><author><name sortKey="Santos, Ricardo F" sort="Santos, Ricardo F" uniqKey="Santos R" first="Ricardo F" last="Santos">Ricardo F. Santos</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ciampi Guillardi, Maisa" sort="Ciampi Guillardi, Maisa" uniqKey="Ciampi Guillardi M" first="Maisa" last="Ciampi-Guillardi">Maisa Ciampi-Guillardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fraaije, Bart A" sort="Fraaije, Bart A" uniqKey="Fraaije B" first="Bart A" last="Fraaije">Bart A. Fraaije</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Amanda A" sort="De Oliveira, Amanda A" uniqKey="De Oliveira A" first="Amanda A" last="De Oliveira">Amanda A. De Oliveira</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amorim, Lilian" sort="Amorim, Lilian" uniqKey="Amorim L" first="Lilian" last="Amorim">Lilian Amorim</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33042088</idno><idno type="pmid">33042088</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fmicb.2020.575045</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7528563</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000021</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The Climate-Driven Genetic Diversity Has a Higher Impact on the Population Structure of <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Than the Production System or QoI Fungicide Sensitivity in Subtropical Brazil.</title><author><name sortKey="Santos, Ricardo F" sort="Santos, Ricardo F" uniqKey="Santos R" first="Ricardo F" last="Santos">Ricardo F. Santos</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ciampi Guillardi, Maisa" sort="Ciampi Guillardi, Maisa" uniqKey="Ciampi Guillardi M" first="Maisa" last="Ciampi-Guillardi">Maisa Ciampi-Guillardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fraaije, Bart A" sort="Fraaije, Bart A" uniqKey="Fraaije B" first="Bart A" last="Fraaije">Bart A. Fraaije</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Amanda A" sort="De Oliveira, Amanda A" uniqKey="De Oliveira A" first="Amanda A" last="De Oliveira">Amanda A. De Oliveira</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amorim, Lilian" sort="Amorim, Lilian" uniqKey="Amorim L" first="Lilian" last="Amorim">Lilian Amorim</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">1664-302X</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Downy mildew, caused by <i>Plasmopara viticola</i>, is the main disease affecting vineyards in subtropical Brazil. Here, we collected 94 <i>P. viticola</i> isolates from four organic and conventional vineyards in the two main grape-growing states of Brazil to evaluate the sensitivity to the quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) azoxystrobin by pheno- and genotyping assays. The impact of location, production system and sensitivity to QoI fungicides on the population genetics and structure of <i>P. viticola</i> was determined using 10 microsatellite markers. Cytochrome <i>b</i> sequencing revealed that 28 and 100% of the isolates from vineyards under organic and conventional management carried the G143A mutation, respectively. The G143A mutation was associated with high levels of azoxystrobin resistance. Three out of the 94 isolates analyzed carried the M125I alteration, not previously described in <i>P. viticola</i>, which was associated with a five-fold reduction in azoxystrobin sensitivity compared to wild-type isolates. Haplotype network analysis based on cytochrome <i>b</i> gene sequences suggested that the Brazilian populations are more closely related to the European than the North American population. A total of six haplotypes were identified, with two of them carrying the G143A mutation. Microsatellite analysis revealed high allelic and genotypic variation among the four populations. Population differentiation analyses indicated that state of origin directly influences the population biology of <i>P. viticola</i>, while production system and QoI sensitivity have little effect. Great genetic diversity, sexual reproduction and high levels of admixture were observed in Rio Grande do Sul State. In contrast, populations in São Paulo State were dominated by a few clonal genotypes, and no admixed genotype was detected between the two genetic pools identified in the state. This study raises the hypothesis that winter weather conditions influence the overwinter survival strategy with profound effects in the population biology of <i>P. viticola</i>.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33042088</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-302X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>11</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in microbiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Microbiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The Climate-Driven Genetic Diversity Has a Higher Impact on the Population Structure of <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Than the Production System or QoI Fungicide Sensitivity in Subtropical Brazil.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>575045</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fmicb.2020.575045</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Downy mildew, caused by <i>Plasmopara viticola</i>, is the main disease affecting vineyards in subtropical Brazil. Here, we collected 94 <i>P. viticola</i> isolates from four organic and conventional vineyards in the two main grape-growing states of Brazil to evaluate the sensitivity to the quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) azoxystrobin by pheno- and genotyping assays. The impact of location, production system and sensitivity to QoI fungicides on the population genetics and structure of <i>P. viticola</i> was determined using 10 microsatellite markers. Cytochrome <i>b</i> sequencing revealed that 28 and 100% of the isolates from vineyards under organic and conventional management carried the G143A mutation, respectively. The G143A mutation was associated with high levels of azoxystrobin resistance. Three out of the 94 isolates analyzed carried the M125I alteration, not previously described in <i>P. viticola</i>, which was associated with a five-fold reduction in azoxystrobin sensitivity compared to wild-type isolates. Haplotype network analysis based on cytochrome <i>b</i> gene sequences suggested that the Brazilian populations are more closely related to the European than the North American population. A total of six haplotypes were identified, with two of them carrying the G143A mutation. Microsatellite analysis revealed high allelic and genotypic variation among the four populations. Population differentiation analyses indicated that state of origin directly influences the population biology of <i>P. viticola</i>, while production system and QoI sensitivity have little effect. Great genetic diversity, sexual reproduction and high levels of admixture were observed in Rio Grande do Sul State. In contrast, populations in São Paulo State were dominated by a few clonal genotypes, and no admixed genotype was detected between the two genetic pools identified in the state. This study raises the hypothesis that winter weather conditions influence the overwinter survival strategy with profound effects in the population biology of <i>P. viticola</i>.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Santos, Ciampi-Guillardi, Fraaije, de Oliveira and Amorim.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Santos</LastName><ForeName>Ricardo F</ForeName><Initials>RF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ciampi-Guillardi</LastName><ForeName>Maisa</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fraaije</LastName><ForeName>Bart A</ForeName><Initials>BA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Oliveira</LastName><ForeName>Amanda A</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amorim</LastName><ForeName>Lilian</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>17</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Front Microbiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101548977</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1664-302X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">downy mildew</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">grapevine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">microsatellite markers</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">oomycete reproductive strategy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">population genetics</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">quinone outside inhibitor</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>22</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>21</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>28</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33042088</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3389/fmicb.2020.575045</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7528563</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2002 Jul;58(7):649-62</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12146165</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PeerJ. 2014 Mar 04;2:e281</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24688859</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>BMC Plant Biol. 2010 Jul 15;10:147</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20633270</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Aug;73(16):5162-72</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17586672</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Eur J Biochem. 2004 Jun;271(11):2264-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15153117</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Feb;75(2):356-365</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29888848</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioinformatics. 2012 Oct 1;28(19):2537-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22820204</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Phytopathology. 2019 Nov;109(11):1975-1983</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31215840</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioinformatics. 2009 Jun 1;25(11):1451-2</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19346325</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Genetics. 1978 Jul;89(3):583-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17248844</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Phytopathology. 2007 Apr;97(4):512-22</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18943292</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Nov;66(11):1268-72</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20799246</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Dec;74(12):2822-2834</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29749019</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2017 Apr;26(7):1936-1951</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28063192</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Plant Pathol. 2007 Nov;8(6):723-36</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20507533</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2004 Jul;13(7):2101-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15189230</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Int Microbiol. 2008 Mar;11(1):1-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18683626</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Genetics. 1988 Apr;118(4):705-11</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17246421</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>FEMS Yeast Res. 2008 Mar;8(2):183-92</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18093133</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioinformatics. 2012 Jun 15;28(12):1647-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22543367</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol Resour. 2010 May;10(3):564-7</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21565059</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2002;40:349-79</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12147764</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>BMC Genet. 2010 Oct 15;11:94</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20950446</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioinformatics. 2010 Feb 1;26(3):419-20</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20080509</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioinformatics. 2008 Jun 1;24(11):1403-5</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18397895</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2013 May;22(10):2771-86</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23506060</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Sep;78(17):6337-40</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22706046</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2006 Feb;62(2):188-94</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16411165</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Aug;75(8):2115-2123</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31077540</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Pest Manag Sci. 2007 Feb;63(2):194-201</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17143847</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Fungal Genet Biol. 2010 Jun;47(6):499-510</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20226261</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Plant Pathol. 2006 Nov;7(6):519-31</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20507466</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Phytopathology. 2017 Sep;107(9):1000-1010</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28513284</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Brésil</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>État de São Paulo</li></region><settlement><li>São Paulo</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de São Paulo</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Brésil"><region name="État de São Paulo"><name sortKey="Santos, Ricardo F" sort="Santos, Ricardo F" uniqKey="Santos R" first="Ricardo F" last="Santos">Ricardo F. Santos</name></region><name sortKey="Amorim, Lilian" sort="Amorim, Lilian" uniqKey="Amorim L" first="Lilian" last="Amorim">Lilian Amorim</name><name sortKey="Ciampi Guillardi, Maisa" sort="Ciampi Guillardi, Maisa" uniqKey="Ciampi Guillardi M" first="Maisa" last="Ciampi-Guillardi">Maisa Ciampi-Guillardi</name><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Amanda A" sort="De Oliveira, Amanda A" uniqKey="De Oliveira A" first="Amanda A" last="De Oliveira">Amanda A. De Oliveira</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fraaije, Bart A" sort="Fraaije, Bart A" uniqKey="Fraaije B" first="Bart A" last="Fraaije">Bart A. Fraaije</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/GrapevineDiseaseV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000020 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000020 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Bois
|area= GrapevineDiseaseV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:33042088
|texte= The Climate-Driven Genetic Diversity Has a Higher Impact on the Population Structure of Plasmopara viticola Than the Production System or QoI Fungicide Sensitivity in Subtropical Brazil.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:33042088" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a GrapevineDiseaseV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.37. |  |